2026 Annual Conference: Embryo Law and Ethics

This writers-only workshop will be livestreamed for the public.

WHEN:
9 a.m.–5 p.m.
WHERE:

Livestream

The Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School is pleased to announce our 2026 Annual Conference: “Embryo Law and Ethics.”

Since the 1980s it has been possible to create human embryos outside of the body and preserve them indefinitely through cryopreservation. With that technology has come major legal and ethical debates about the treatment of these embryos, and the physicians, parents, and donors involved in creating them. For many years, courts have struggled with legal questions relating to the disposition of these embryos and related legislative actions. The United States Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization in 2022, overturning Roe v. Wade, has resulted in increased interest in the law and policy pertaining to in vitro embryos, including issues concerning the legal personhood of human embryos, liability for their destruction, regulation of the industry, donor and offspring interests, and parental rights and responsibilities.

This conference calls on participants to consider the rapidly changing landscape of embryo law and ethics. At this moment of deep societal debates, we hope to explore collectively the challenges and opportunities of possible paths forward. The conference will seed a book that explores the legal, regulatory, moral, and ethical topics at hand.

This year’s conference is organized by the Petrie-Flom Center’s Faculty Director I. Glenn Cohen and Executive Director Susannah Baruch in collaboration with Judith Daar, the Ambassador Patricia L. Herbold Dean and Professor of Law at Northern Kentucky University Chase College of Law, and O. Carter Snead, the Charles E. Rice Professor of Law and Concurrent Professor of Political Science at the University of Notre Dame.

The conference panels will be livestreamed for the general public.

Agenda

9-9:15 a.m.

Opening Remarks

9:15–10:30 a.m. | panel 1

IVF Past, Present, and Future

The History and Future of IVF

Dov Fox, Herzog Research Professor of Law, University of San Diego

Reading the Legislative Landscape: How State Lawmakers Are Shaping IVF

Xinping Hu, PhD Student, Jurisprudence and Social Policy, U.C. Berkeley

Alice Margaria, Assistant Professor in Law and Reproduction and Co-Director, Interdisciplinary Research Program “Human Reproduction Reloaded,” Faculty of Law, University of Zurich (Switzerland)

Comparative Perspectives on Embryo Genetic Testing—Technological Horizons and Societal Boundaries in the US and Europe 

Laura Valtere, Postdoctoral Fellow, Centre for Advanced Studies in Bioscience Innovation Law (CeBIL), University of Copenhagen

Timo Minssen, Professor of Law, University of Copenhagen; Founding Director, Center for Advanced Studies in Bioscience Innovation Law (CeBIL)

The Judicial Creep of “Wrongful Birth” 

Yaniv Heled, Professor of Law, Georgia State Law

Liza Vertinsky, Professor of Law, University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law

IVF and Justice After Dobbs

Katherine Kraschel, Assistant Professor of Law and Health Sciences, Northeastern University School of Law

Moderator: Susannah Baruch, Executive Director, Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics

10:30–11:15 a.m. | panel 2

Embryo Disposition

Meeting the Evolving Challenges for Embryo Disposition in a Post-Dobbs Legal Landscape: Examining the Critical Role of Contract Law Frameworks 

Susan L. Crockin, Crockin Law & Policy Group, PLLC; Senior Scholar, Adjunct Professor, The O’Neill Inst. for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown Law Center; Research Assistant Professor, Kennedy Inst. of Ethics, Georgetown University

Francesca E. Nardi, Consultant, Center for Health and Human Rights, O’Neill Institute

Steering Innovation: How Legal Constraints on Embryo Research Can Inform IVF Governance 

Vincent Joralemon, Director, Life Sciences Law & Policy Center, Berkeley Center for Law & Technology

Addressing the Problem of Abandoned Frozen Embryos Through Embryo Adoption

Melissa Moschella, Professor of the Practice, Philosophy, McGrath Institute for Church Life, University of Notre Dame

Moderator: Judith Daar, Dean and Professor of Law, Northern Kentucky University Salmon P. Chase College of Law

11:15–11:30 a.m.

Break

11:30–12:30 p.m. | PANEL 3

Defining Humans and Persons

What is an Embryo? A Taxonomy of Human Life 

Radhika Rao, Professor of Law and Harry & Lillian Hastings Research Chair, UC Law San Francisco

The U.S. Public’s Reaction to Stem Cell-Based Embryo Models (SCBEMs): Predictions and a Research Agenda

John Evans, Professor, Tata Chancellor’s Chair in Social Sciences, Associate Dean of Social Sciences, Co-director, Institute for Practical Ethics, UC San Diego

Embryo Ethics and the Little Red Hen: Personhood v. Progress? 

Nancy M. P. King, Emeritus Professor of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine; Wake Forest University Center for Bioethics, Health, and Society

Christine Coughlin, Professor of Law, Wake Forest University School of Law

Equal Dignity: Embryos, Moral Status, and the Law

Francis J. Beckwith, Professor of Philosophy and Church-State Studies, Baylor University

Moderator: O. Carter Snead, Charles E. Rice Professor of Law, Professor of Political Science, University of Notre Dame School of Law

12:30–1:30 p.m.

Lunch

1:30–2:45 p.m. | PANEL 4

New Technology, New Challenges

Algorithms That Choose Life: Examining the Law and Ethics of AI-Selected Embryos (AIVF) through a “True Lifecycle Approach” for AI Governance 

Barry Solaiman, Associate Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, HBKU Law, Qatar; Adjunct Assistant Professor of Ethics in Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine – Qatar; Adjunct Senior Lecturer, Northwestern University Qatar

Polygenic Risk Scores to Select Embryos: Legal and Ethical Issues 

I. Glenn Cohen, Petrie-Flom Center Faculty Director, James A. Attwood and Leslie Williams Professor of Law, and Deputy Dean, Harvard Law School

Neither Person Nor Property: Toward a Technology-Neutral Framework for Embryo Legal Personhood in the Age of Artificial Reproduction 

Emma Waters, Policy Analyst, The Heritage Foundation

Human Embryo Research Beyond Earth: Legal and Ethical Considerations 

Vasiliki N. Rahimzadeh, Assistant Professor, Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine

Gene Editing 

Shelia Jasonoff, Pforzheimer Professor of Science and Technology Studies, Harvard Kennedy School

Benjamin J. Hurlbut, Associate Professor, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University

Kris Saha

2:45–3:00 p.m.

Break

3–4:15 p.m. | panel 5

Derived and Synthetic Gametes and Embryos

Artificial Problems: synthesis, embryogenesis and the limits of human life

Benjamin J. Hurlbut, Associate Professor, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University

Synthetic embryos and gametes; The status of manufactured human embryos in scientific research and the law

Maureen L. Condic, Vice Provost for Ethics, Distinguished Ordinary Professor (ad interim), and University Ombudsman and Mediator, Catholic University of America

IVG in a Post-Dobbs/Skrmetti World: Parentage, Personhood, & Regulation 

Sonia Suter, Henry St. George Tucker III Dean’s Research Professor of Law, Kahan Family Research Professor of Law, and Co-Director & Founding Director, Health Law & Policy Program, George Washington University

Naomi Cahn, Justice Anthony M. Kennedy Distinguished Professor of Law, Armistead M. Dobie Professor of Law, and Co-Director, Family Law Center, University of Virginia School of Law

The Aristotelian Philosophy of Artifacts and the Ethics of Synthetic Embryos 

Paul Scherz, Our Lady of Guadalupe Professor of Bioethics, Department of Theology Program Chair, ND-IBM Tech Ethics Lab, University of Notre Dame

Rethinking the Moral and Legal Value of Human Stem-cell Based Embryo Models: How Extrinsic Considerations Should Inform Governance

Nienke de Graeff, Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Ethics & Health Law, Leiden University Medical Center

Lien De Proost, Postdoctoral researcher, KU Leuven

Megan Munsie, Honorary (Professorial Fellow), Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne Medical School; Group Leader, Stem Cell Ethics & Policy, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute

Ana M. Daoud, Senior Researcher, Leiden University Medical Centre

Moderator: I. Glenn Cohen, Petrie-Flom Center Faculty Director, James A. Attwood and Leslie Williams Professor of Law, and Deputy Dean, Harvard Law School

4:15–5:00 p.m.

Closing

Sponsored by the Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School with support from the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) Center for Policy & Leadership and the Oswald DeN. Cammann Fund at Harvard University.